Chapter 2: Odoo Web Framework¶

The first part of this tutorial introduced you to most of Owl ideas. It is now time to learn about the Odoo JavaScript framework in its entirety, as used by the web client.

For this chapter, we will start from the empty dashboard provided by the awesome_tshirt addon. We will progressively add features to it, using the Odoo JavaScript framework.

Goal

Solutions

The solutions for each exercise of the chapter are hosted on the official Odoo tutorials repository.

1. A new Layout¶

Most screens in the Odoo web client uses a common layout: a control panel on top, with some buttons, and a main content zone just below. This is done using the Layout component, available in @web/search/layout.

تمرین

Update the AwesomeDashboard component located in awesome_tshirt/static/src/ to use the Layout component. You can use {controlPanel: { "top-right": false, "bottom-right": false } } for the display props of the Layout component.

Open http://localhost:8069/web, then open the Awesome T-Shirts app, and see the result.

همچنین ببینید

2. Add some buttons for quick navigation¶

Let us now use the action service for an easy access to the common views in Odoo.

Services is a notion defined by the Odoo JavaScript framework; it is a persistent piece of code that exports a state and/or functions. Each service can depend on other services, and components can import a service with the useService() hook.

مثال

This shows how to open the settings view from a component using the action service.

import { useService } from "@web/core/utils/hooks";
...
setup() {
    this.action = useService("action");
}
openSettings() {
    this.action.doAction("base_setup.action_general_configuration");
}
...

تمرین

Let us add three buttons in the control panel bottom left zone.

A button Customers, which opens a kanban view with all customers (this action already exists, so you should use its xml id).
A button New Orders, which opens a list view with all orders created in the last 7 days. Use the Domain helper class to represent the domain.

نکته
One way to represent the desired domain could be [('create_date','>=', (context_today() - datetime.timedelta(days=7)).strftime('%Y-%m-%d'))]
A button Cancelled Order, which opens a list of all orders created in the last 7 days, but already cancelled. Rather than defining the action twice, factorize it in a new openOrders method.

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3. Call the server, add some statistics¶

Let's improve the dashboard by adding a few cards (see the Card component made in the previous chapter) containing a few statistics. There is a route /awesome_tshirt/statistics that performs some computations and returns an object containing some useful information.

Whenever we need to call a specific controller, we need to use the rpc service. It only exports a single function that perform the request: rpc(route, params, settings)

Here is a short explanation on the various arguments:

route is the target route, as a string. For example /myroute/.
params is an object that contains all data that will be given to the controller. (optional)
settings are for advanced controls on the request. Make it silent, or using a specific xhr instance. (optional)

مثال

A basic request could look like this:

setup() {
    this.rpc = useService("rpc");
    onWillStart(async () => {
        const result = await this.rpc("/my/controller", {a: 1, b: 2});
        // ...
    });
}

تمرین

Change Dashboard so that it uses the rpc service.
Call the statistics route /awesome_tshirt/statistics in the onWillStart hook.
Display a few cards in the dashboard containing:
- Number of new orders this month
- Total amount of new orders this month
- Average amount of t-shirt by order this month
- Number of cancelled orders this month
- Average time for an order to go from 'new' to 'sent' or 'cancelled'

همچنین ببینید

4. Cache network calls, create a service¶

If you open the Network tab of your browser's dev tools, you will see that the call to /awesome_tshirt/statistics is done every time the client action is displayed. This is because the onWillStart hook is called each time the Dashboard component is mounted. But in this case, we would prefer to do it only the first time, so we actually need to maintain some state outside of the Dashboard component. This is a nice use case for a service!

مثال

The following example registers a simple service that displays a notification every 5 seconds.

import { registry } from "@web/core/registry";
const myService = {
    dependencies: ["notification"],
    start(env, { notification }) {
        let counter = 1;
        setInterval(() => {
            notification.add(`Tick Tock ${counter++}`);
        }, 5000);
    },
};
registry.category("services").add("myService", myService);

تمرین

Register and import a new awesome_tshirt.statistics service.
It should provide a function loadStatistics that, once called, performs the actual rpc, and always return the same information.
Use the memoize utility function from @web/core/utils/functions that will allow caching the statistics.
Use this service in the Dashboard component.
Check that it works as expected

همچنین ببینید

5. Display a pie chart¶

Everyone likes charts (!), so let us add a pie chart in our dashboard. It will display the proportions of t-shirts sold for each size: S/M/L/XL/XXL.

For this exercise, we will use Chart.js. It is the chart library used by the graph view. However, it is not loaded by default, so we will need to either add it to our assets bundle, or lazy load it. Lazy loading is usually better since our users will not have to load the chartjs code every time if they don't need it.

تمرین

Load chartjs, you can use the loadJs function to load /web/static/lib/Chart/Chart.js.
In a Card (from previous exercises), display a pie chart in the dashboard that displays the correct quantity for each sold t-shirts in each size (that information is available in the statistics route).

همچنین ببینید

6. Going further¶

Here is a list of some small improvements you could try to do if you have the time:

تمرین

Make sure your application can be translated (with env._t).
Clicking on a section of the pie chart should open a list view of all orders which have the corresponding size.
Add a SCSS file and see if you can change the background color of the dashboard action.

همچنین ببینید